Ngokwemichiza yentsimbi, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: intsimbi ye-carbon kunye ne-alloy steel.Intsimbi yeCarbon yahlulwe: ① intsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi, umxholo wekhabhoni ungaphantsi kwe-0.25%;② intsimbi ephakathi kwekhabhoni, umxholo wekhabhoni ngu-0.25% - 0.60%;③ intsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu, umxholo wekhabhoni mkhulu kune-0.6%;medium carbon steel Ukulungiswa kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye nokusebenza kokusika, ukusebenza kakubi kwe-welding.Amandla kunye nobunzima buphezulu kunezo zentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni, ngelixa iplastiki kunye nokuqina kuphantsi kunezo zentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni.Izinto ezipholileyo kunye nezibandayo zinokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokunyanga ukushisa, okanye zingasetyenziselwa emva kokunyanga ukushisa.Intsimbi yekhabhoni ecinyiweyo kunye nobushushu ineempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini.Obona bunzima buphezulu obunokufikelelwa bumalunga ne-HRC55 (HB538), kwaye σb yi-600-1100MPa.Ke ngoko, phakathi kosetyenziso olwahlukeneyo lwenqanaba lamandla aphakathi, intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu, ukongezelela ekusetyenzisweni njengesixhobo sokwakha, ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni amacandelo ahlukeneyo omatshini.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi yeyensimbi ye-hypoeutectoid, kwaye isakhiwo sayo esine-annealed yi-pearlite kunye ne-ferrite.Njengoko umxholo wekhabhoni kwintsimbi ukhula, inani le-pearlite kwi-microstructure liyakhula, ngelixa inani le-ferrite liyancipha.Isakhiwo esicinyiweyo sensimbi esinomxholo wekhabhoni omkhulu kune-0.40% yi-martensite;xa umxholo wekhabhoni ungaphezu kwe-0.40%, kukho inani elincinci le-austenite egciniweyo ngaphezu kwe-martensite, kwaye inani le-austenite eligcinwe linyuka ngokunyuka kwekhabhoni kwintsimbi.
Indlela yokusingatha
Iindlela zokugqibela zokunyanga ubushushu bentsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi zibandakanya ukucima kunye nobushushu, ubushushu obuphantsi obuphantsi emva kokucima, ubushushu obuphantsi bobushushu emva kokucinywa kwamaxesha amaninzi, ukucinywa kwe-isothermal kunye nobushushu obuphakathi emva kokucima.
(1) Ukucaphuka.Umbutho unomsindo we-sorbite.Esi sakhiwo sineempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini, amandla aphezulu, iplastiki elungileyo kunye nokuqina.Intsimbi ecinyiweyo kunye nobushushu kufuneka ibe nobunzima obuhle bokuqinisekisa ukwakheka okufanayo kunye nokusebenza kulo lonke icandelo lecandelo elicinyiweyo kunye nelomsindo.Xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi ye-alloy, i-carbon steel inobunzima obunzima, ngoko ifanelekile kuphela ukucima kunye nokufudumala kweengxenye zetsimbi zekhabhoni ezinobungakanani becandelo elincinci.
(2) Ukushisa okuphantsi kobushushu emva kokucima.Umbutho unomsindo we-martensite, onamandla aphezulu kunye neplastiki efanelekileyo kunye nokuqina.
(3) Ubushushu obuphantsi bobushushu emva kokucinywa kwamaza.Ulwakhiwo lomaleko wokucinywa kwamaza amatyeli aphezulu luhle kakhulu lufihlwe inaliti ye-martensite, kwaye i-martensite epholileyo ifumaneka emva kobushushu obuphantsi.Olu nyango lunokufumana umphumo ofanayo kunyango lwe-carburizing.Ukucima kunye nokufudumeza okanye ukuqhelanisa ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa ngaphambi kokucima i-high-frequency quenching.Ngoko ke, emva kokucinywa kwe-high-frequency and tempering, i-core of the part inamandla amakhulu, iplastiki enhle kunye nokuqina, kunye nomgangatho wayo ophezulu unobunzima obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle.Ukongezelela, i-surface layer ye-high-frequency quenched parts ivelisa uxinzelelo oluxinzelelekileyo, olunomlinganiselo ophezulu wokukhathala kunye nobomi obude benkonzo.
(4) ukucima isothermal.Umbutho u-bainite, onamandla aphezulu kunye neplastiki enhle kunye nokuqina.
(5) Ubushushu kubushushu obuphakathi emva kokucima.Umbutho unomsindo we-sorbite.
Injongo ephambili
Umgangatho ophezulu wekhabhoni ecinyiweyo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo, kunye neplastiki ethile, ukuqina kunye namandla, ukucwangciswa okulungileyo, iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zomatshini emva kokucinywa kunye nokunyamezela unyango, ukuqina okungahambi kakuhle, ukuchaneka kokuqhekeka, ukusebenza kwe-welding ephantsi, ngaphambi kokuba i-welding ifudunyezwe kakuhle. kunye nobushushu buphathwe emva kwe-welding.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukwenza iindawo ezishukumayo ezinamandla aphezulu, ezinje ngecompressors zomoya, iipistons zempompo, ii-impellers ze-steam turbine, iishafti zoomatshini abanzima, iintshulube, iigiya, njl. izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokunye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-28-2023